Cyber warfare, social media, and the latest military weapons are transforming the character of modern conflicts. This book explains how, through overview essays written by an award-winning author of military history and technology topics, plus entries dealing with specific examples of digital and physical technologies, categorized by their relationship to cyber warfare, social media, and physical technology. Individually, these technologies are having a profound impact on modern conflicts; cumulatively, they are dynamically transforming the character of conflicts in the modern world. The book begins with a comprehensive overview essay on cyber warfare and a large section of A-Z reference entries related to this topic. The same detailed coverage is given to both social media and technology as they relate to conflict in the 21st century. Each section also includes an expansive bibliography for further research on these topics. The book ends with a detailed chronology.